What is the primary purpose of a network switch?

The primary purpose of a network switch is to connect multiple computers within a network. A network switch operates at the data link layer of the OSI model and facilitates communication between devices by connecting them within the same network. By receiving incoming data packets and directing them to the appropriate destination port, a switch ensures that the communication is efficient and organized. This centralized approach to connecting devices reduces network congestion and enhances overall speed and performance.

In contrast, providing internet access involves additional functionalities often associated with routers, which connect multiple networks and manage traffic between them. The conversion of optical signals to electrical signals is a function carried out by media converters or optical network terminals, not switches. Amplifying network signals is something network boosters or repeaters do to extend reach, which is separate from the core functionalities of a switch itself. Therefore, the main role of the switch is to connect and manage communication among computers and devices on the same network segment.